Scientific Updates

Read regular medical and clinical updates on helicobacter related issues courtesy of medworm (www.medworm.com). 

• July 29, 2010, 03:00

  A possible new role for Helicobacter pylori in the development of ocular adnexal lymphoma

  No abstract. (Source: American Journal of Hematology)
• July 27, 2010, 03:35

  Role of Innate Immunity in Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Malignancy

  Helicobacter pylori colonizes the majority of persons worldwide, and the ensuing gastric inflammatory response is the strongest singular risk factor for peptic ulceration and gastric cancer. However, only a fraction of colonized individuals ever develop clinically significant outcomes. Disease risk is combinatorial and can be modified by bacterial factors, host responses, and/or specific interactions between host and microbe. Several H. pylori constituents that are required for colonization or virulence have been identified, and their ability to manipulate the host innate immune response will be the focus of this review. Identification of bacterial and host mediators that augment disease risk has profound ramifications for both biomedical researchers and clinicians as such findings will no...
• July 27, 2010, 03:00

  Systematic review: Helicobacter pylori and upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk in patients taking aspirin

  Conclusions The current data are not sufficient to allow meta-analyses. The widely held belief that H. pylori is a risk factor for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in regular aspirin users is not supported by the very limited evidence available. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
• July 27, 2010, 10:06

  Cranberry

  This fact sheet provides basic information about cranberry—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Cranberries are the fruit of a native plant of North America. These red berries are used in foods and in herbal products.What Cranberry Is Used ForHistorically, cranberry fruits and leaves were used for a variety of problems, such as wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.Recently, cranberry products have been used in the hope of preventing or treating urinary tract infections or Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infections that can lead to stomach ulcers, or to prevent dental plaque. Cranberry has also been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer activity. (Source: NCCAM Featured Content)
• July 27, 2010, 01:20

  Helicobacter pylori Induces Expression and Secretion of Oncostatin M in Macrophages In Vitro

  Conclusion  The induction of the pleiotropic cytokine oncostatin M suggests a possible role in Helicobacter pylori-mediated inflammation and diseases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1341-zAuthors Zaher Zeaiter, University of Alberta Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Edmonton AB T6G 2H7 CanadaHugo Diaz, University of Alberta Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Edmonton AB T6G 2H7 CanadaMarkus Stein, University of Alberta Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Edmonton AB T6G 2H7 CanadaHien Q. Huynh, University of Alberta Department of Pediatrics 11402 University Ave. Edmonton AB T6G 2J3 Canada Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568Print ISSN 0163-2116 (S...
• July 26, 2010, 02:09

  Primary gastric burkitt lymphoma: a rare cause of intraabdominal mass in childhood

  In this report, we describe a case of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Burkitt’s type) coexisting with H. pylori and discuss the potential relationship between H. Pylori and gastric Burkitt lymphoma. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00383-010-2671-9Authors Vural Kesik, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara TurkeyMukerrem Safali, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara TurkeyElvan Caglar Citak, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara TurkeyErol Kismet, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara TurkeyVedat Koseoglu, Gulhane Military Medical Academy ...

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• July 25, 2010, 03:00

  Rising trends of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer in the 19th century

  Conclusions The occurrence of gastric cancer, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer markedly increased during the 19th century. Improvements in hygiene may have resulted in the decline of infections by other gastrointestinal organisms that had previously kept concomitant infection by Helicobacter pylori suppressed. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
• July 24, 2010, 05:29

  In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, tigecycline, and other antimicrobial agents against Helicobacter pylori isolates in Taiwan, 1998–2007

  Abstract  The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 330 nonduplicate Helicobacter pylori isolates to nemonoxacin, tigecycline, and eight other antimicrobial agents were determined by using the agar dilution method. Sequencing the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) in the gyrA gene of these isolates was also performed. Resistance to clarithromycin showed an increasing trend during the ten-year study period and was highest (38%) in 2005. Tigecycline had potent in vitro activities against all isolates, with an MIC90 of 0.06 μg/ml. Among the quinolones tested, nemonoxacin (MIC50 of 0.12 μg/ml and MIC90 of 0.25 μg/ml) and gemifloxacin had one to two-fold better in vitro activities than ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. Among the nine isolates (2....
• July 23, 2010, 09:07

  Helicobacter Pylori: gastric cancer and beyond

  Nature Reviews Cancer 10, 593 (2010). doi:10.1038/nrc2903 Author: D. Brent Polk & Richard M. Peek Nature Reviews Cancer10, 403–414 (2010)On page 404 of this Review, the Lewis histo-blood-group antigen Leb is stated to be also known as MUC5AC. This is incorrect. MUC5AC is a carrier of Leb (Source: Nature Reviews Cancer)
• July 22, 2010, 03:00

  Helicobacter pylori Omp18 and Its Application in Serologic Screening of Infection.

  This study recommends Hp conserved Omp18 as a reliable serologic marker for accurate detection of Hp infection particularly for application in population screening approaches. PMID: 20652254 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Microbiology)
• July 21, 2010, 03:00

  Microevolution of Helicobacter pylori during Prolonged Infection of Single Hosts and within Families

  Author Summary Mutation rates in bacteria have generally been considered to be much slower than in viruses. This is partly because estimates of long-term mutation rates for the evolution of distinct species have been inappropriately used for dating divergence within species. Furthermore, the most commonly used long-term mutation rate is based on geological dates that are no longer accepted. In addition, only few short-term mutation rates have been calculated within bacterial species, and these differ with the species by several orders of magnitude. Here, we provide robust estimates for short-term mutation and recombination rates within Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that commonly infects the human gastric mucosa, based on serial isolates from long-term infections and on differences betw...

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• July 20, 2010, 11:46

  Two-decade trends in primary Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Bulgaria

  In conclusion, associations between the resistance evolution and patients' age groups as well as the national outpatient antibiotic use have been found. H. pylori resistance to antibiotics showed many long-term changes, with a more rapid evolution for clarithromycin than for the other antibiotics. Metronidazole and tetracycline did not show a resistance evolution but exhibited a decrease in MIC50 since 1990. The significant increase in ciprofloxacin resistance was found only by extending the study period to 20 years. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
• July 18, 2010, 01:03

  Can chronic gastritis cause an increase in fecal calprotectin concentrations?

  CONCLUSION: FCCs were not significantly increased in subjects with chronic gastritis, even in those patients with a marked neutrophil infiltration. PMID: 20632443 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)
• July 17, 2010, 11:45

  The incredible journey of mankind: Helicobacter pylori as the narrator

  P DesikanIndian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2010 28(3):193-195Over the past decade, sequence differences between microbes from various geographical areas have been studied with the intent to interpret population movements of their hosts. An organism that is a reliable storehouse of such data, by virtue of its long association with its human host, is Helicobacter pylori. Functional and comparative analyses of its genome provide fascinating insights into human behaviour in the ancient past. (Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology)
• July 17, 2010, 11:45

  Comparison of Helicobacter pylori and Escherichia coli in induction of TNF-α mRNA from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

  Conclusions: The ability of different H pylori strains isolated from biopsy samples to stimulate TNF-α from PBMCs was significantly lower than that of E coli. Sonicated bacteria, as compared to intact bacteria, was a very poor inducer of TNF-α mRNA expression, suggesting that the conformation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the outer leaflet of the outer membrane is not totally conserved in sonicated bacteria. (Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology)